心脏病的常见风险

作者: Rohit Sehgal，医学博士
专业: 心脏病学，介入心脏病学

While there’s no one cause of heart disease, there are some factors 这会增加你患乳腺癌的风险. 阅读下面新葡京.

什么是心脏病?

Heart disease is a broad term that refers to any malady of the heart or blood vessels, including hypertension, arrhythmia and atherosclerosis. The breadth of conditions it covers as well as the severity of any condition involving the cardiovascular system make heart disease the leading cause 发展中国家的死亡.

高血压

Blood pressure guidelines (2017) indicate that 血压 above 120/80 is considered high and increases the risk for adverse cardiovascular events. High 血压 can strain or damage coronary arteries, causing plaque (fat, cholesterol and other substances) to build up to the point of slowing 或者阻碍血液流动.

高胆固醇

Cholesterol is a fat-like substance that your body needs to function properly. In fact, we tend to divide cholesterol into “good cholesterol” （高密度脂蛋白）和“坏胆固醇”（低密度脂蛋白）. 而HDL可以 help your body get rid of the bad cholesterol, too much LDL can build up in your arteries, blocking or reducing blood flow to vital organs.

糖尿病

糖尿病 is a condition that affects how your body produces or responds to insulin, a hormone that regulates the amount of glucose (a sugar) in 血液. Over time, this excess in blood sugar can damage nerves that control the heart and blood vessel, as well as 血液 vessels 他们selves.

肥胖

In addition to the physical stress carrying excess body fat puts on your body, obesity is also linked to high 血压, high cholesterol and diabetes, significant risk factors for heart disease.

不良的饮食习惯

Diets high in saturated and trans fats, sodium and cholesterol can put you at risk for heart disease by exacerbating common risk factors, in 除了与肥胖有关.

不活动

If it seems like a lot of these “things that increase your risk for x” include bad diet and lack of exercise, it’s because maintaining a healthy, active lifestyle is your best defense against developing conditions 引起或使其他疾病复杂化的. 特别是有规律的体育锻炼 cardiovascular exercise, can help keep your heart strong, head clear and 体重下降.

吸烟

You don’t need a doctor to tell you that smoking is bad for you and 你身边的人. Not only can it damage your heart and blood vessels, nicotine raises 血压 while the smoke itself reduces your blood 氧含量.

压力

While stress itself may not cause heart disease, the effect it has on your mental and physical health increases your risk. 焦虑和抑郁 can raise your 血压, trigger overeating, make physical activity difficult or cause you to seek substances like tobacco or alcohol to cope.

家族病史

While it is clear that there is a genetic component to heart disease, the exact genes and their transmission has not yet been entirely mapped out. It has however been clearly shown that several risk factors for heart disease like diabetes, high 血压 and high cholesterol have a 世袭的组件. If you have a family history of heart disease or a family history of risk factors such as diabetes, high cholesterol and high 血压, you need to be extra careful about your health and 监控所有这些参数.

Age, Race, and Other Things You Can’t Control

While some risk factors are caused or exacerbated by lifestyle, others 都是你无法控制的. Your risk for developing heart disease increases 随着年龄的增长. It’s a more common cause of death in non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks, and American Indians than it is for Hispanics, Asian 美国人和太平洋岛民. 怀孕期间的并发症，比如 as gestational diabetes or preeclampsia, increases your risk, too.

你有患心脏病的风险吗?

It’s important to know that being at an increased risk doesn’t 意味着你真的会得心脏病. 很多影响 of these risks can be reduced with proper management. 和你的主创谈谈 care provider about your particular risks and what you can do to mitigate 他们. Or learn more about Washington Hospital’s Heart and Vascular 的节目 新葡京医院网站.

发布于2019年2月

关于Rohit Sehgal， MD
Rohit Sehgal，医学博士, is board-certified in Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular 疾病和介入心脏病学. 他一直在从事临床工作 and interventional cardiology in the East and South Bay for over 20 years. Dr. Sehgal graduated from the All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India and came to the United States to complete his Internal Medicine Residency at Cook County Hospital in Illinois. Dr. Sehgal然后 completed his Internal Medicine residency in Detroit, Michigan, followed by two fellowship years in Cardiology and Invasive at Northwestern University 在芝加哥. He went on to complete a fourth-year fellowship in Interventional 俄勒冈州波特兰市的心脏病学. 在新葡京医院非常活跃 医疗界，博士. Sehgal目前担任该组织的负责人 Cardiology section at Washington Hospital and is a well-respected member. He has served as the Chief of Cardiology at St. 玫瑰医院和目前 holds an Adjunct Professorship in Cardiovascular Medicine at Stanford 大学医学院.